Domain 1.Health promotion
Class 2. Health management
Diagnostic Code: 00292
Nanda label: Ineffective health maintenance behaviors
Diagnostic focus: Health maintenance behaviors
Introduction to Nursing Diagnosis Ineffective Health Maintenance Behaviours
Health maintenance involves taking steps to ensure continued wellbeing and prevent illness. It consists of regular behaviours such as getting sufficient rest and nutrition, exercising, self-monitoring of blood pressure and glucose levels, and seeking medical advice when necessary. However, people can still experience health problems and chronic illness even if they do practice effective health maintenance behaviours. This is when the nursing diagnosis Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviour comes into play.
NANDA Nursing Diagnosis Definition
The National Association of Nursing Diagnoses (NANDA) defines this condition as “a pattern for an individual in which preventive measures for primary, secondary and/or tertiary health care are not met.” In other words, this diagnosis is based on the observation that some people may be failing to make decisions and take actions to maintain their health, or to manage existing chronic health issues.
Defining Characteristics: Subjectives and Objectives
When diagnosing someone with Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviour, there are several defining characteristics that a clinician may observe or that the patient may report. These include:
- Subjective characteristics such as lack of knowledge about health maintenance behaviours, feeling overwhelmed by lifestyle change, unwillingness to focus on health maintenance, and reluctance to seek medical advice.
- Objective characteristics such as failure to follow preventive screenings and immunizations, failure to detect health risks, avoidance of health services, frequent hospitalizations, and unmet goals for disease management.
Related Factors
Related factors for this nursing diagnosis involve any underlying issues that contribute to the problem. These could include problems such as limited access to health care services, time restrictions, language barriers, financial constraints, performance of insufficient health maintenance activities, and a lack of support networks.
At Risk Population
At risk populations for this diagnosis tend to include individuals who have various chronic health conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, asthma, and cancer, who are living in poverty, and who are of lower educational attainment. Other populations that may be at risk of developing Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviours include seniors, individuals in rural areas, and individuals with cognitive or physical impairments.
Associated Conditions
When individuals fail to practice proper health maintenance, serious conditions can arise. Examples of associated conditions with Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviours include poor eating habits, physical inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol or drug abuse, obesity, mental health issues, neglect of self-care, infectious diseases, and potential complications from chronic illnesses.
Suggestions for Use
When diagnosing someone with Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviour, it is important to explore the related factors that are impacting the patient’s ability or willingness to successfully perform preventive healthcare. It is also essential to determine the impact of this behaviour, and to identify opportunity for improvement.
Suggested Alternative NANDA Nursing Diagnosis
Alternative NANDA Nursing Diagnoses that may be relevant include Knowledge Deficit related to Health Maintenance, Imbalanced Nutrition related to Unhealthy Dietary Intake, Risk for Injury related to Environmental Factors, Risk for Late-Stage Breast Cancer, and Ineffective Self-Health Management.
Usage Tips
When assessing a patient with suspected Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviour, use evidence-based clinical practice guidelines to evaluate their current practices. Consider their risk factors, including age, sex, health status, and access to resources. Use assessments to identify potential deficits, and consider the patient’s cultural background and other beliefs that may be affecting their healthcare decisions.
NOC Outcomes
Nursing interventions for Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviours should always focus on improving the patient’s overall health. Outcomes should involve proactive steps to address the issue. Examples of NOC outcomes include Improved Health Maintenance, Improved Self-Efficacy, Effective Coping Strategies, Improved Quality of Life, and Improved Patient Education.
Evaluation Objectives and Criteria
To evaluate the success of interventions used to address this diagnosis, clinicians should use developmentally appropriate evaluation criteria. Examples include changes in levels of adherence to prescribed therapies, changes in acceptance and use of preventive health strategies, improved knowledge of health maintenance and self-care, as well as changes in lifestyle habits, such as diet, exercise, and smoking cessation.
NIC Interventions
NIC interventions for Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviours include Health Promotion, Patient Education, and Readiness for Enhanced Health Maintenance. Health Promotion interventions involve educating the patient on health maintenance practices, emphasizing the importance of preventive care, and providing guidance on setting realistic health and lifestyle goals. Patient Education interventions involve teaching the patient how to properly manage any existing chronic health conditions, as well as how to perform regular screening tests and self-care activities. Finally, Readiness for Enhanced Health Maintenance interventions involve discussions to increase the patient’s motivation to engage in health maintenance activities, and to identify potential barriers that may be preventing them from doing so.
Nursing Activities
Nursing activities for patients diagnosed with Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviours generally involve identifying areas of the patient’s lifestyle that need to be addressed, and developing plans to help the patient improve their health maintenance activities. Additional activities may involve providing resources and referrals to assist the patient in improving their health, educating the patient on healthy lifestyle habits, encouraging and motivating the patient to engage in desired health maintenance behaviours, and monitoring the patient’s progress.
Conclusion
The nursing diagnosis Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviours is a useful tool for identifying patients who may be at risk for poor health due to poor lifestyle habits. By evaluating a patient’s risk factors and determining their readiness to change, healthcare providers can better understand why the patient may be engaging in ineffective health maintenance behaviours, and can develop appropriate interventions to improve the patient’s health.
5 FAQs
- What is a Nursing Diagnosis? A Nursing Diagnosis is a standardized term used by nurses to describe a client’s response to actual or potential health problems.
- What is Ineffective Health Maintenance? Ineffective Health Maintenance is a pattern for an individual in which preventive measures for primary, secondary, and/or tertiary health care are not met.
- Who is At Risk for Developing Ineffective Health Maintenance Behaviours? Certain populations are at higher risk for developing Ineffective Health Maintenance behaviours, such as individuals with chronic health conditions, those living in poverty, lower educational attainment, seniors, rural residents, and those with cognitive or physical impairments.
- What are Some Associated Conditions with Ineffective Health Maintenance Behaviours? Poor eating habits, physical inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol or drug abuse, obesity, mental health issues, neglect of self-care, infectious diseases, and potential complications from chronic illnesses are all associated conditions of Ineffective Health Maintenance Behaviours.
- What are the Goals of Intervention for Ineffective Health Maintenance Behaviours? The goal of intervention is to improve the patient’s overall health through proactive steps in addressing the issue. This could include improving the patient’s health maintenance, self-efficacy, coping strategies, quality of life, and patient education.
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